*FM 23-31
HEADQUARTERS
DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY
Washington, DC, 20 September 1994

Table of Contents

---

1. PREFACE

2. CHAPTER 1. Introduction

   1. 1-1. TRAINING STRATEGY
      
   2. 1-2. COMBAT CONDITIONS

3. CHAPTER 2. Operation and Function

   1. 2-1. OPERATION
      
   2. 2-2. LOADING
      
   3. 2-3. UNLOADING
      
   4. 2-4. CYCLE OF FUNCTIONING

4. CHAPTER 3. Description and Maintenance

   1. 3-1. DESCRIPTION
      
   2. 3-2. TECHNICAL DATA
      
   3. 3-3. COMPONENTS
      
   4. 3-4. AMMUNITION
      
   5. 3-5. CLEARING PROCEDURES
      
   6. 3-6. GENERAL DISASSEMBLY
      
   7. 3-7. CLEANING AND LUBRICATION
      
   8. 3-8. INSPECTION
      
   9. 3-9. GENERAL ASSEMBLY
      
   10. 3-10. CARE AND HANDLING
       
   11. 3-11. CARE AND HANDLING UNDER NBC CONDITIONS

5. CHAPTER 4. Performance Problems and Destruction

   1. 4-1. MALFUNCTIONS
      
   2. 4-2. STOPPAGES
      
   3. 4-3. IMMEDIATE ACTION
      
   4. 4-4. REMEDIAL ACTION
      
   5. 4-5. DESTRUCTION PROCEDURES

6. CHAPTER 5. Marksmanship Training

   Section I. PRELIMINARY MARKSMANSHIP TRAINING

   1. 5-1. FOUR FUNDAMENTALS OF MARKSMANSHIP
      
   2. 5-2. LIMITED VISIBILITY
      
   3. 5-3. NBC ENVIRONMENT
      
   4. 5-4. FIRE COMMANDS
      
   5. 5-5. DRY-FIRE EXERCISES
      
   6. 5-6. SENSING AND ADJUSTMENT OF FIRE
      
   7. 5-7. GRENADE LAUNCHER RANGE LAYOUT
      
   8. 5-8. DESCRIPTION OF RANGE AND TARGETS

   Section II. BASIC GUNNERY

   1. 5-9. ZEROING THE M203 GRENADE LAUNCHER
      
   2. 5-10. OVERALL QUALIFICATION STANDARDS
      
   3. 5-11. DAY RECORD FIRE
      
   4. 5-12. DAY RECORD FIRE QUALIFICATION STANDARDS
      
   5. 5-13. MOUNTING THE AN/PVS-4
      
   6. 5-14. ZEROING THE AN/PVS-4 TO THE M203
      
   7. 5-15. NIGHT RECORD FIRE
      
   8. 5-16. NIGHT RECORD FIRE QUALIFICATION STANDARDS

7. CHAPTER 6. Combat Techniques of Fire

   Section I. ADVANCED GUNNERY

   1. 6-1. CHARACTERISTICS OF FIRE
      
   2. 6-2. CLASSES OF FIRE
      
   3. 6-3. RANGE ESTIMATION
      
   4. 6-4. PREDETERMINED FIRES
      
   5. 6-5. TYPES OF TARGETS
      
   6. 6-6. DECONTAMINATION

   Section II. FIRE CONTROL

   1. 6-7. METHODS OF FIRE CONTROL
      
   2. 6-8. FIRE COMMANDS

   Section III. APPLICATION OF FIRE

   1. 6-9. SUPPRESSIVE FIRE
      
   2. 6-10. OVERWATCH FIRE
      
   3. 6-11. AREA AND POINT FIRE
      
   4. 6-12. TARGET ENGAGEMENT
      
   5. 6-13. LIMITED VISIBILITY
      
   6. 6-14. OVERHEAD FIRE

8. CHAPTER 7. Train-the-Trainer Program

   Section I. ORGANIZATION

   1. 7-1. OBJECTIVES
      
   2. 7-2. MISSION-ESSENTIAL TASK LIST
      
   3. 7-3. TRAINER ASSESSMENT
      
   4. 7-4. ASSISTANT TRAINERS AND CADRE COACHES
      
   5. 7-5. COMMAND BENEFITS
      
   6. 7-6. PROGRAM PHASES
   
   

   Section II. TRAINING TASKS

   1. 7-7. PHASE I, PRELIMINARY MARKSMANSHIP INSTRUCTION
      
   2. 7-8. PHASE II, BASIC GUNNERY

   Section III. TRAINERS' CERTIFICATION

   1. 7-9. TRAINING BASE
      
   2. 7-10. CERTIFICATION OUTLINE

9. APPENDIX A. 40-mm Grenade Launcher, M79

10. APPENDIX B. Unit Training Program

11. APPENDIX C. Proficiency (Performance) Examination

12. APPENDIX D. Range Safety

13. REFERENCES

14. GLOSSARY

15. AUTHORIZATION LETTER
    

    ---

    *This publication supercedes FM 23-31, 1 May 1972: and rescinds DA Form 2946-R, JUL 74.